Within the CLIENT joint project “Semizentral: Resource-efficient and flexible supply and waste disposal infrastructure systems for rapidly growing cities of the future – Phase 2” ISOE is supporting the implementation of a project that is testing the semicentral freshwater supply and wastewater treatment in a new district of Qingdao/China.
Based on the current situation in the new district, ISOE develops a scientific material flow model of the semicentral concept: After defining the boundaries of the system, the individual water and wastewater flows are recorded based on their amounts and compositions and are then transferred into a material flow model. This allows simulation of the source-separated flows which differ from those in conventional infrastructure systems: Not only is drinking water made available, but also service water which can be used for other purposes (e.g. for flushing toilets). Wastewater from the showers and sinks is collected and treated separately from the more polluted wastewater from the toilets and kitchens. The model also allows diurnal changes and fluctuations in the flow of material to be depicted and analyzed in order to compare them with the water and wastewater flows of conventional infrastructure solutions. The model allows analyzing vulnerabilities and risks by, for example, simulating hydraulic fluctuations, extreme weather events or possible breakdowns, i.e. all the hotels in the region being vacant. These analyses do not only factor in the material flow model, but also other aspects such as social costs.
More than half the world’s population now lives in cities and the number is growing by about a million a week. Many of the rapidly-growing cities in emerging and developing countries suffer from water scarcity. In many places, people’s basic water supply is already at risk or cannot be guaranteed. And the situation for sanitation is even worse, with the correct disposal of wastewater contaminated by pathogens often also posing a problem. So there is a pressing need for action. What is needed are sustainable approaches to the supply of water and sanitary services, wastewater disposal, waste management, and settlement and infrastructure planning. A complicating factor is that conventional supply and disposal systems now commonly used in developed countries have the disadvantage that they focus only on one single task – for example the disposal of wastewater. This is where the project “China Semizentral” comes in which is now being tested in the northern Chinese port city of Qingdao. A new district for 12,000 people is currently being built here for the World Horticultural Exhibition 2014. In order to prevent what is happening in many large Chinese cities, in Qingdao a semicentralized water infrastructure system is build, meaning smaller-scale supply and disposal structures which can flexibly adapt to population growth by “growing along”. In addition, source-separated wastewater flows are differentiated according to their degree of pollution and are treated for reuse.
Semizentral is being funded within the BMBF funding measure CLIENT of the “Research for Sustainability (FONA)” funding program.
Martin Zimmermann et al.
Available online
Engelbert Schramm, Martina Winker, Martin Zimmermann
Available online
Björn Ebert et al.
Available online
Engelbert Schramm et al.
Available online
Martin Zimmermann, Martina Winker, Engelbert Schramm
Available online
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