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Topic

Land Use —

What is increasing the pressure on land resources? How can a fair and sustainable use of land resources be achieved?

The challenges

Intensive Land Use and Climate Change Increase Pressure on Ecosystems

Three-quarters of the world’s ice-free land is utilized by humans. As a result, large stretches of forest have been, and continue to be, converted into farmland while other regions are used for grazing or urban settlements.

Climate change, intensified land use, and growing competition for land are increasing the pressure on ecosystems—not just in arid regions of the planet. If these trends persist, many ecosystems risk reaching tipping points. For both biodiversity and humanity, this could lead to severe and irreversible changes.

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“Climate change is intensifying water scarcity, especially in arid regions such as Namibia. Savannah landscapes are already overexploited due to intensive livestock farming, increasing the risk of ecosystem tipping points.”

Dr. Stefan Liehr, Head of the Social-Ecological Systems Hub

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Our research

Fair and sustainable land use

In our research, we develop management and governance strategies for the sustainable use of land resources, closely integrating issues of sustainable water use and biodiversity protection.

Our goal is to identify critical developments at an early stage to prevent damage caused by extreme weather events and socio-ecological tipping points that could hinder sustainable land use. At the same time, we investigate ways to resolve conflicts between different stakeholder groups in order to facilitate the transition to fair and sustainable land use.

Featured Project

News

  • Innovative agricultural production with treated water: first living lab in operation
    News Land Use Water

    Innovative agricultural production with treated water: first living lab in operation

    Regional conflicts over the use of water resources are rather common and will continue to intensify as a result of climate change and the increasing strain on natural water resources. Water-intensive agriculture in particular is dependent on efficient solutions. In the HypoWave+ research project, a farm in Lower Saxony is currently implementing a particularly water-efficient process for the hydroponic cultivation of vegetables using high-quality recycled wastewater. On August 20, 2024, media representatives are invited to explore the large-scale implementation as part of this scientifically supported living lab.

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    Tomatenanbau im Gewächshaus
  • The example of the Croatian island of Veliki Brijun
    Blog Water Biodiversity Land Use

    The example of the Croatian island of Veliki Brijun

    How water infrastructures not only reflect but also shape the relationship between nature and society

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  • The significance of socio-ecological tipping points for the savannahs of Namibia
    News Land Use Chemical Risks

    The significance of socio-ecological tipping points for the savannahs of Namibia

    Climate change is exacerbating water scarcity, especially in the arid regions of the world. Namibia, with its savannah landscapes, is particularly affected. These ecosystems are among the driest regions in the world and are already threatened by climate change and an increasing pressure from land use. Thus, conventional forms of livestock farming are leading to a deterioration of rangelands which is why the savannah ecosystem is approaching tipping points. Together with partners from Germany and Namibia, a current research project at ISOE has been investigating how climatic, ecological and societal factors are accelerating land degradation in arid regions.

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  • Recognizing and avoiding ecological tipping points in the Mongolian steppe
    News Climate Adaptation Biodiversity Land Use

    Recognizing and avoiding ecological tipping points in the Mongolian steppe

    Mongolia has one of the last intact steppe ecosystems with traditional land use and a remarkable biodiversity. The mobility of wild and domestic herd animals plays an important role in the survival of this ecosystem, which is transforming as a result of climate change. However, the nomadic way of life has declined significantly in recent decades. The MORE STEP research project is investigating the complex interactions and dependencies between nature and society in order to identify the possible emergence of irreversible processes – so-called tipping points – and thus prevent them at an early stage.

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  • Finding a 'happy medium' for the local stakeholders of rural landscapes
    News Land Use

    Finding a 'happy medium' for the local stakeholders of rural landscapes

    An international research team led by Dr. Margot Neyret of the Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center in Frankfurt investigated how land in rural areas in Germany could be best used so that all user groups get as many benefits as possible, and equitably. The interdisciplinary study, in cooperation with the Frankfurt-based ISOE – Institute for Social-Ecological Research, was published in the renowned journal “Nature Sustainability,” and evaluates the level of ecosystem benefits provided by different landscapes and the extent to which they meet the varying needs of the local population. By doing this, the researchers show that strategies involving comprehensive changes to landscape land use could lead to social conflicts. The study also identifies a balanced mix of forest and grassland as a formula for fair land use that benefits all groups equally.

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  • African savannas: social-ecological research with the aim to protect soils
    News Land Use Climate Adaptation

    African savannas: social-ecological research with the aim to protect soils

    Savannas are underestimated and endangered ecosystems. These drylands cover almost half of the land surface and make an important contribution to biodiversity conservation. But due to climate change and unsustainable land use, already up to 20 percent of these ecosystems worldwide are no longer intact. Using Namibia as an example, researchers from the ISOE – Institute for Social-Ecological Research are investigating how sustainable grazing management can prevent the progressive degradation of soils.

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Events

  • NamTip Summer School


    NamTip Summer School

    Windhoek, Namibia

    Seminar Stefan Liehr "Understanding social-ecological systems"

    isoe
All Events
  • LIMO – Land Use and Integrated Modelling
    Land Use Biodiversity

    LIMO – Land Use and Integrated Modelling

    The research project investigates the dynamics of land use changes and their effects on ecosystem services and biodiversity.

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  • regulate – Sustainable Groundwater Management in Europe
    Blick auf See und Wald aus Vogelperspektive
    Water Land Use Climate Adaptation

    regulate – Sustainable Groundwater Management in Europe

    The junior research group regulate investigates challenges in the management of groundwater in Europe against the background of acute drought, conflictuality and the complexity of institutional frameworks. 

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  • ORYCS – Wildlife-based management strategies in Namibia
    Land Use Biodiversity

    ORYCS – Wildlife-based management strategies in Namibia

    ORYCS investigates the suitability of wildlife management strategies as a climate-friendly land use option. Together with stakeholders, it develops conflict-regulating approaches.

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  • MORE STEP – Mobility at Risk: Sustaining the Mongolian Steppe Ecosystem (Phase I)
    Biodiversity Land Use Climate Adaptation

    MORE STEP – Mobility at Risk: Sustaining the Mongolian Steppe Ecosystem (Phase I)

    The MORE STEP research project investigates processes of change in the ecosystem of the Mongolian steppe and their socio-economic and ecological causes and consequences. The mobility of wild and domesticated herd animals plays a central role here.

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  • SASSCAL – Water-related vulnerabilities and risk in Southern Africa
    Water Land Use

    SASSCAL – Water-related vulnerabilities and risk in Southern Africa

    The project team is analysing to what extent water-related vulnerabilities and risks for the population and ecosystems are developing within the context of global change and how these might conceivably be reduced.
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  • SASSCAL – Research Infrastructure in Africa
    Water Land Use

    SASSCAL – Research Infrastructure in Africa

    In July 2010 the launch of the new BMBF initiative "Climate change and adaptive land management in Africa" took place. The goal is to build up a long-term research infrastructure in Africa via regional competence centres.
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