Image: Tobias Krause – stock.adobe.com
Focustopic 2025

Water —

What impact does climate change have on our water resources? Is water scarcity also a threat in Germany? What challenges does the water industry face?

The challenges

Increasing pressure on water resources

The availability of water in good quality and sufficient quantity is essential for food security, economic development, social stability, and ecological integrity. Climate change is intensifying pressure on water resources.

Not only in dry regions but also in water-rich countries like Germany, drinking water becomes temporarily scarce, especially during heatwaves and droughts. These developments are increasing competition for water, leading to more conflicts. Efficient water use is becoming more important.

This poses significant challenges for the water industry, including water supply and wastewater management. Outdated and inadequate infrastructure threatens the efficiency and sustainability of water use. Additionally, controversial substances are increasingly found in groundwater and drinking water.

“In light of the climate risks, a water transition is urgently needed, which means nothing less than the transformation of our current water management.”

Dr. Robert Lütkemeier, Head of the Research Unit Water and Land Use

“Of the approximately 120 liters of drinking water each of us consumes daily, up to 40 percent could be saved.”

Dr.-Ing. Martin Zimmermann, Head of the Research Unit Coupled Infrastructures

Our research

Sustainable management of water resources

We develop sustainable management and governance strategies. Our focus is on early detection of critical developments to prevent risks from extreme events and tipping points, ensuring sustainable water supply and healthy ecosystems. We also examine how conflicts between different stakeholder groups can be productively addressed to shape transformations towards a sustainable and equitable management of water resources.

Another key area of our research focuses on technical infrastructures for public services. These infrastructures play a key role in adapting to climate change. Our research aims to develop sustainable infrastructure systems for a Circular Society.

Featured Project

regulate – Sustainable Groundwater Management in Europe
Blick auf See und Wald aus Vogelperspektive
Water Land Use Climate Adaptation

regulate – Sustainable Groundwater Management in Europe

The junior research group regulate investigates challenges in the management of groundwater in Europe against the background of acute drought, conflictuality and the complexity of institutional frameworks. 

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News

  • Water resilience in Europe: ISOE research team presents recommendations in Brussels
    News Water

    Water resilience in Europe: ISOE research team presents recommendations in Brussels

    The ISOE research team “regulate” presented the results of five years of European groundwater research at a joint information event with the Representation of the State of Hesse to the European Union.

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  • Water reuse in the HypoWave+ project: findings from a living lab
    Press Release Water

    Water reuse in the HypoWave+ project: findings from a living lab

    To combat water scarcity, a water-saving technology for agricultural cultivation was developed in the HypoWave+ research project. Here, ISOE has investigated prevalent social and institutional obstacles on the way to implementation. Water expert Dr. Martina Winker is now presenting the results.

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  • Security of supply: ISOE researchers present study on global water stress
    Press Release Water

    Security of supply: ISOE researchers present study on global water stress

    ISOE has analyzed the current state of the world's water resources. The study on global water stress was commissioned by the Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation (EFI) for its 2025 annual report.

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  • Groundwater: Measures for the Sustainable Use of a Contested Resource
    Blog Water

    Groundwater: Measures for the Sustainable Use of a Contested Resource

    How Can Authorities and Water Suppliers Develop Sustainable Measures for Groundwater Protection and Use Amid Uncertain Conditions? This question is crucial in the face of climate change, increasing demands for water use, and growing awareness of environmental issues.

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    Wasseroberfläche mit kleinen Wellen von oben
  • Innovative agricultural production with treated water: first living lab in operation
    News Land Use Water

    Innovative agricultural production with treated water: first living lab in operation

    Regional conflicts over the use of water resources are rather common and will continue to intensify as a result of climate change and the increasing strain on natural water resources. Water-intensive agriculture in particular is dependent on efficient solutions. In the HypoWave+ research project, a farm in Lower Saxony is currently implementing a particularly water-efficient process for the hydroponic cultivation of vegetables using high-quality recycled wastewater. On August 20, 2024, media representatives are invited to explore the large-scale implementation as part of this scientifically supported living lab.

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    Tomatenanbau im Gewächshaus
  • Solutions for sustainable water supply in booming holiday regions
    News Water

    Solutions for sustainable water supply in booming holiday regions

    In many coastal regions of Europe, tourism is an important cornerstone of a prosperous economy. This also applies to the Croatian island of Krk and the surrounding mainland, especially during the summer months. However, it is precisely during this hot and dry period that the local drinking water supply reaches its limits. Using the example of Krk, scientists from the ISOE research group regulate have investigated how increasing water demand can be met with the help of sustainable water management strategy. The results of the case study are available in English and Croatian as a publication with the regulate series “Groundwater Dimensions”.

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  • WaReNam – Water reuse strategy for Namibia
    Water

    WaReNam – Water reuse strategy for Namibia

    Um Rahmenbedingungen für die Umsetzung von Wasserwiederverwendung zu schaffen, integriert das Projekt WaReNam innovative Technologien, Wissenstransfers, adaptive Governance und Kapazitätsentwicklung auf verschiedenen Ebenen.

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  • gwTriade – Integrative monitoring of groundwater quality
    Water Chemical Risks

    gwTriade – Integrative monitoring of groundwater quality

    The aim of the gwTriade project is to develop an integrated assessment concept for groundwater ecosystems based on ecotoxicological characterization, chemical analysis and the recording of faunal diversity. 

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  • LiveSewer – AI-based wastewater monitoring
    Water

    LiveSewer – AI-based wastewater monitoring

    In the research project LiveSewer, real-time wastewater data are processed and analyzed using AI-supported pattern recognition (machine learning). 

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  • regulate – Sustainable Groundwater Management in Europe
    Blick auf See und Wald aus Vogelperspektive
    Water Land Use Climate Adaptation

    regulate – Sustainable Groundwater Management in Europe

    The junior research group regulate investigates challenges in the management of groundwater in Europe against the background of acute drought, conflictuality and the complexity of institutional frameworks. 

    Go to Project
  • AQUA-Hub India – Water Innovation Hubs and Smart Water Monitoring
    Water

    AQUA-Hub India – Water Innovation Hubs and Smart Water Monitoring

    The AQUA-Hub project supports the establishment of Water Innovation Hubs in India, promotes technology transfer for water quality monitoring and strengthens SDG goals through pilot projects.

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  • The current and future state of our water resources
    Water

    The current and future state of our water resources

    The project analyzes the state of scientific knowledge on global, European and German water resources in order to better predict their future changes. 

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  • CapTain Rain – Capture and retain heavy rainfalls in Jordan
    Water

    CapTain Rain – Capture and retain heavy rainfalls in Jordan

    CapTain Rain develops climate services for forecasting and assessing heavy rainfall events. It also identifies measures to adapt to climate change and mitigate disaster damage.

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  • TRAPA India – Transition pathways for solving urban wastewater problems in Indian cities
    Chemical Risks Water

    TRAPA India – Transition pathways for solving urban wastewater problems in Indian cities

    The aim of the BMBF project is to develop and evaluate resource-efficient wastewater concepts. ISOE is responsible for a fundamental institutional and stakeholder analysis, the sustainability assessment from a socio-ecological perspective and a final transfer potential analysis.

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  • Water demand forecast 2050 (base year 2020) for Hamburg
    Water

    Water demand forecast 2050 (base year 2020) for Hamburg

    For sustainable planning, ISOE is updating Hamburg's water demand forecast for 2020-2050, taking into account climate change, COVID-19 effects and innovations in water-saving technologies.

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  • PlastX – Microplastics in bodies of running water
    Water Chemical Risks

    PlastX – Microplastics in bodies of running water

    In the sub-project of the PlastX junior research group, a concept is being developed to assess the environmental risks posed by microplastics in flowing waters.

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  • PlastX – Plastic waste in seas and oceans
    Water Chemical Risks

    PlastX – Plastic waste in seas and oceans

    The sub-project of the PlastX junior research group investigates the implementation process of management strategies to protect the seas and oceans.

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  • EPoNa – Water Reuse in Northern Namibia
    Water

    EPoNa – Water Reuse in Northern Namibia

    The aim of the project is to improve the performance of wastewater pond facilities. To this end, ISOE is investigating aspects of governance and developing management structures and financial controlling procedures.

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  • Environmental Risks and Pharmaceuticals: The Key Role of Pharmacies
    Chemical Risks

    Environmental Risks and Pharmaceuticals: The Key Role of Pharmacies

    In order to raise environmental awareness, the project team is working together with pharmacy practice partners to develop materials that will be used and evaluated on a pilot basis in training and further education.

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  • Proxies and Scenarios for the Development of Water Demand
    Water

    Proxies and Scenarios for the Development of Water Demand

    The project analyzes water withdrawals and return flows in German river basins in order to better assess the impact of human activities on the water balance.

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  • NiddaMan – Sustainable Water Resources Management in the Nidda Catchment Area
    Water

    NiddaMan – Sustainable Water Resources Management in the Nidda Catchment Area

    The aim of the joint project is the development of strategies for a sustainable management of the water resources in the Nidda catchment area. These strategies are to serve as a planning instrument for practical water management.
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  • Semizentral – Infrastructure systems for cities of the future experiencing rapid growth
    Water

    Semizentral – Infrastructure systems for cities of the future experiencing rapid growth

    Within the CLIENT joint project “Semizentral: Resource-efficient and flexible supply and waste disposal infrastructure systems for rapidly growing cities of the future – Phase 2” ISOE is supporting the implementation of a project that is testing the semicentral freshwater supply and wastewater treatment in a new district of Qingdao/China.
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  • SASSCAL – Water-related vulnerabilities and risk in Southern Africa
    Water Land Use

    SASSCAL – Water-related vulnerabilities and risk in Southern Africa

    The project team is analysing to what extent water-related vulnerabilities and risks for the population and ecosystems are developing within the context of global change and how these might conceivably be reduced.
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  • netWORKS 3 – Sustainable concepts for the municipal water sector
    Water Climate Adaptation

    netWORKS 3 – Sustainable concepts for the municipal water sector

    The goal of the research collaboration netWORKS is to develop innovative and sustainable solutions for the municipal water and wastewater sector. The netWORKS 3 project is designed to help municipalities adapt to the changing determining conditions in the water and wastewater sector.
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  • NaCoSi – Sustainability controlling of the domestic water management
    Water Chemical Risks

    NaCoSi – Sustainability controlling of the domestic water management

    The goal of the joint project is to develop a sustainability controlling for the domestic water management, thus minimising the risks that compromise sustainable development and improving the viability of the water sector.
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  • CuveWaters – Sustainable Water Management in Namibia
    Water

    CuveWaters – Sustainable Water Management in Namibia

    The aim of CuveWaters is to support and improve Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in the northern Namibian Cuvelai-Etosha Basin. ISOE is supervising and co-ordinating this international joint project.
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  • TransRisk – Pollutants as a risk to the water cycle
    Chemical Risks Water

    TransRisk – Pollutants as a risk to the water cycle

    Scientists in the TransRisk project are studying how to characterise, communicate and minimise the risks that ensue due to new pollutants and pathogens in the water cycle.
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  • KREIS – Innovative municipal wastewater system in ‘Jenfelder Au’
    Water

    KREIS – Innovative municipal wastewater system in ‘Jenfelder Au’

    The innovative drainage and energy-generating concept HAMBURG WATER Cycle is being implemented in a new urban district of the city. ISOE is analysing the scheme in terms of user behaviour and sustainability.
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  • IWRM in Isfahan – Sustainable Water Management in Iran
    Water

    IWRM in Isfahan – Sustainable Water Management in Iran

    The team of the German-Iranian IWRM project in Isfahan is developing a concept for integrated water resource management (IWRM) in the region around the Zayandeh river.
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  • SASSCAL – Research Infrastructure in Africa
    Water Land Use

    SASSCAL – Research Infrastructure in Africa

    In July 2010 the launch of the new BMBF initiative "Climate change and adaptive land management in Africa" took place. The goal is to build up a long-term research infrastructure in Africa via regional competence centres.
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  • Eliminating micropollutants in sewage plants
    Chemical Risks Water

    Eliminating micropollutants in sewage plants

    This project looks into how active drugs substances and micropollutants can be extracted via sewage plants. The part played by ISOE is to investigate how such inputs can be avoid.
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  • Structural concept for Trinkwasserversorgung Magdeburg
    Water

    Structural concept for Trinkwasserversorgung Magdeburg

    In this project a structural concept for the future water supply was developed on behalf of the water utility Trinkwasserversorgung Magdeburg GmbH (TWM).
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  • Sustainability Performance in the Water Supply
    Water

    Sustainability Performance in the Water Supply

    In order to render the sustainability performance of German water utilities measurable and evaluable, the team identified operational figures which it compiled into a catalogue.
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  • Water demand forecast 2030 (base year 2005) for Hamburg
    Water

    Water demand forecast 2030 (base year 2005) for Hamburg

    In the Wasserbedarfsprognose 2030 project ('Water Demand Forecasting 2030'), ISOE and COOPERATIVE Darmstadt drew up a forecast for water demand in the area supplied by the Hamburg Waterworks (HWW).
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  • netWORKS – Transformations in Network Related Infrastructure Sectors
    Water Climate Adaptation

    netWORKS – Transformations in Network Related Infrastructure Sectors

    The goal of the project group was to develop strategies and instruments that enable municipal decision-makers to take forward-looking action in the current process of transformation to the infrastructure systems.
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  • Privatisation in the Water Sector
    Water

    Privatisation in the Water Sector

    ISOE compiled this exploratory study for the "Social Ecological Research" funding programme of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The scientists ascertained research needs for sustainable development in water resource management.
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  • Efficient Use of the Hessian Groundwater Fee
    Water

    Efficient Use of the Hessian Groundwater Fee

    The project tracked the deployment of funds from the Hessian groundwater fee in Hessian communities, evaluating it for efficiency. The interdisciplinary research group was able to ascertain overall success for the initiative within the funding criteria.
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  • Water Cycle an Urban-Ecological Development
    Water

    Water Cycle an Urban-Ecological Development

    The project team investigated the connection between the social, technical and ecological aspects of a future approach to urban water usage. It focused its research on the water cycle in the cities of Dresden and Frankfurt am Main. The scientists came up with sustainable strategies to form a scenario capable of tackling the water-related problems and socio-ecological hot spots in urban industrial regions.
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  • Regional Sustainability in Water and Land Use
    Water

    Regional Sustainability in Water and Land Use

    Regional sustainability as a research topic raises many questions regarding methodology and subject matter. In this proprietary project, ISOE developed a concept for regional sustainability around the example of water.
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  • Material flows of environmentally relevant chemical substances: product line controlling
    Water

    Material flows of environmentally relevant chemical substances: product line controlling

    Using fire protection as an example, the project team investigated the possibility of implementing an ecological scheme to manage material flows along the value chain. In preventative fire protection, plastics are often treated with flame retardants containing problematic substances.

    Based on a product tree analysis, the potentials and restrictions of ecological innovations in the field of fire protection were examined. Personal computers and car seats were the product lines of reference here. At ISOE, actor-oriented studies were carried out to establish people's knowledge about substances, risk awareness, usage patterns and innovation routines.
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  • Stormwater Infiltration in Wiesbaden
    Water

    Stormwater Infiltration in Wiesbaden

    ISOE subjected parts of Wiesbaden city to an initial water management appraisal. Here, scientists categorised which surfaces were suitable for decentralised infiltration of precipitation. The surfaces were evaluated with a view to groundwater protection (pollutant input and filtering qualities of the soils) and their infiltration capability.
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